雅思写作如何在短时间提分？雅思写作词汇硬核方案分享！

　　各位小伙伴，今天和大家分享一篇文章“SMEsneed help to overcome outbreak-related hardships”，同样是来自ChinaDaily, by Yu Chunhai, 2020-03-25。

　　1、先来说说这题目中的SMEs，全称为 small and medium-sized enterprises，译成中小企业。

图片来源于网络

　　2、Hardship一词比较常见，译成困境，困局。通常都是可数名词，前面往往有一定的定语。例如，economic hardships, financial hardships等。在雅思写作中算是比较常见，它的一些近义词也需要大家掌握。例如，difficulty, predicament, dilemma, plight等。

　　3、Outbreak-related一个合成形容词，很好理解。之前的文章对于这种复合形容词有过探讨，在这里就不赘述了。雅思写作中此类词汇也比较常见，例如stress-related illness, money-related crimes, school-related activities等。

　　01

　　Smalland medium-sized enterprises play a key role in boosting economicgrowth, creating employment, improving people's livelihoods andpromoting innovation in China.

　　1、Boost economic growth, create employment, promote innovation这几个动宾结构都比较常见，也容易使用，大家一定要记住。

　　2、Livelihood一词在雅思写作中其实也经常使用，通常译成“生计”，“民生”等。这句话中的improve people’s livelihoods可以译成“改善民生”。当然它的近义表达可以是：improve people’s living standards, improve people’s life quality等。与livelihood相关的几个词组大家也可以记忆一下：livelihood problems, livelihood difficulties，民生问题，民生困难。A bare livelihood就是勉强度日的意思，也可以表达为make ends meet或live from hand to mouth，都是勉强糊口的意思。

　　02

　　In the wake of the novel coronavirus outbreak, governments at variouslevels have taken multiple measures to help the SMEs overcomedifficulties, laying a solid foundation for the economy to reboundafter the epidemic is contained, which will help China achieve itseconomic and social goals.

　　1、In the wake of 这个短语不算常见，通常译成“随某事而来”，“以某事为结果”。在写作中可以应用为：In the wake of the global climate change, a growing number of governments across the world are trying to reduce their consumption of fossil fuels.

　　03

　　Second,the impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak has been immense on thesupply side, too. This will have a serious impact on the traditionalservice sector and the labor-intensive manufacturing industry, whichmainly consist of SMEs.

　　1、Immense, 形容词，巨大的。Immensely，副词，巨大的，极其的。例如：I like this movie immensely。我极其喜欢这部电影。毫无疑问它的近义词为：enormous, enormously, tremendous, tremendously, massive, massively等。用来替换very和quite还是很好用的。(注意词性)

　　04

　　Recently,the central and local governments have launched multiple policies tosupport the SMEs including addressing their raw material andtransportation problems, deferring the payment of their electricity,water and gas charges until the epidemic is fully contained,exempting them from paying part of their social security fees, andgranting them special loans.

　　1、这个段落里面详述了一些政府可以给企业提供的相应政策。其实这些政策都可以被归类为：fiscal assistance经济援助，财务补贴等。这里面的一些动宾搭配大家可以记住，在雅思写作里面很好用：address … problems, defer payment, exempt them from paying social security fees, grant special loans。这里面exempt someone from something译成：免除某人某事。

　　2、Grant一词，本句中为动词，governments (authorities) grant someone something，准予某人做某事。词组take for granted相信大家比较熟悉，译成：认为某事理所应当。其实grant也有名词词性，译成“补助津贴”。作为“津贴”“补助金”讲，它的近义词为allowance, subsidy。在雅思写作中，这几个词前面往往有其他词给予修饰，使其词义更加具象化。例如：education allowance, education grant, housing subsidy等。