【雅思课外精读】公务员竞争激烈，大批毕业生流入体制内

　　【雅思课外精读】公务员竞争激烈，大批毕业生流入体制内   原文译文   *注：本文摘自10月27日《金融时报》

　　Chinese graduates seek shelter in civil service

　　中国毕业生为求安稳进体制

　　Surge in applicants for government jobs highlights worries about labour market

　　公考人数增加凸显了人们对劳动力市场的担忧

图片来源网络

　　1. China’s official unemployment rate stood at 5.4 per cent in September, compared with about 5 per cent before the pandemic struck. For this year’s 8.7m college graduates, prospects on the jobs market are grim. According to some university career service offices, only 25 per cent of their graduates from the class of 2020 have found a job. Against that background, government bodies, known for their long-term employment, have become even more appealing.

　　9月份，中国失业率为5.4%，疫情爆发前的失业率约为5%。今年有870万大学毕业生，对于他们来说，就业前景不容乐观。根据一些大学就业服务办公室的数据，2020届毕业生中只有25%找到了工作。在这种背景下，以长期雇用著称的政府机构变得更加有吸引力。

　　2. “I want to work for a place that won’t lay me off at the age of 40,” said David Li, a former economic analyst who lost his job this year. Mr Li, 31, plans to apply for a research position at Jiangsu Provincial Finance Bureau.

　　今年失业的前经济分析师李大卫表示：“我想在一个不会让我在40岁时就下岗的地方工作。”李大卫现年31岁，他打算申请江苏省财政厅的一个研究职位。

　　3. Government positions are not just secure. China’s state control of economic resources has allowed official agencies to offer above-average salaries plus lucrative benefits, ranging from housing allowances to subsidised pension plans. Most private companies, the nation’s biggest employer, cannot match such lucrative packages as they struggle with stiff local and international competition and a cooling economy.

　　公务员还不仅只是安稳。在中国，国家掌握经济命脉，因此政府能够提供高于平均水平的工资和福利，囊括了住房补贴和养老金等。中国私营企业是最大的雇主，但是由于激烈的国际国内竞争以及经济衰退，他们无法提供如此丰厚的福利。

　　4. In the eastern city of Suzhou, one of the nation’s richest, government employees made an average of Rmb180,227 ($26,850) in 2018, compared with Rmb58,333 for private company workers, according to the local statistical bureau.

　　苏州是中国最富有的城市之一，根据当地统计局的数据，2018年公务员的平均收入为180227元(合26850美元)，而民营企业员工的平均收入仅为58333元。

　　5. “Government jobs won’t make you rich,” said Tom Shi, a district official in Shanghai, “but they are enough to give you a comfortable life.” Mr Shi, who makes Rmb18,000 a month, lives in a 150 sq m apartment in the suburbs.

　　上海一位政府工作人员说，“政府不能让你大富大贵，但能让你过上舒适的生活。”他每月收入1.8万元，住在郊区一套150平方米的公寓里。

　　6. The rewards and security of a government job have made the civil service exam immensely competitive. The demanding test involves everything from policy analysis to maths quizzes and reading comprehensions.

　　公务员的良好福利和安稳保障使公务员考试竞争异常激烈。公务员考试涉及到政策分析，数学测验和语言理解等方方面面。

　　7. The more popular jobs can attract thousands of applicants. The most coveted position this year — a staffer at the National Bureau of Statistics in the Dongguan branch — has drawn 3,334 job seekers.

　　一个受欢迎的岗位可能会有数以千计的申请者。今年最热门的岗位为国家统计局东莞分局的工作人员，有3334人报名。

　　8. “You need to be ready to compete with the brightest minds in the country for government positions,” said Lucy Yan, a laid-off statistical analyst who is planning to apply for a research role at Zhejiang provincial government.

　　打算申请浙江省政府研究职位的统计分析师严露(Lucy Yan)说“你得做好同最聪明的人竞争的准备。”

　　9. The exam boom, however, has raised concerns over a misallocation of human resources. Analysts said the influx of talents into public service threatened a skills shortage in the private sector, which drives economic growth.

　　然而，考试热潮引发了人们对人力资源配置不当的担忧。分析人士表示，大量人才涌入公共服务行业将会使推动经济增长的私营企业出现人才短缺。

　　10. “The current system has discouraged capable people from entering areas where they can make the most of their talents,” said Mr Zhuang.

　　庄表示“当前的体制导致很多人无法进入他们真正能发挥所长的领域。”